StarkWare在比特币主网上实现量子安全锁定方案，无需硬分叉但尚不适合大规模使用

Starknet published a post introducing the Quantum-Safe Bitcoin (QSB) scheme, stating that StarkWare researchers have verified on Bitcoin’s mainnet a quantum-safe locking mechanism that requires no soft fork, no new opcodes, and no modification to consensus rules. The first QSB output was spent on August 26, 2026, in Bitcoin mainnet block 964,199, with associated GPU computing costs dropping from an initial ~$320 to around $50. Designed by StarkWare researcher Avihu Levy, the scheme’s core approach is to use hash calculations to build locking mechanisms, avoiding reliance on elliptic curve private keys vulnerable to quantum computer cracking. However, QSB does not mean Bitcoin has achieved full quantum resistance: each transaction requires massive computing power, and transferring existing assets into the scheme still involves traditional transactions with quantum risks. Additionally, QSB transactions do not comply with Bitcoin Core’s default relay rules, requiring submission by miners willing to directly accept such transactions, and there are currently no supporting wallets, address formats, or recovery processes. StarkWare emphasized that QSB is an emergency research solution, not a replacement for Bitcoin’s quantum-resistant upgrade. Long-term solutions will still require a soft fork to introduce post-quantum signature mechanisms. In contrast, Starknet noted that its underlying STARK proofs have used hash-based security mechanisms from their inception and has developed a quantum migration roadmap, but as an Ethereum Layer 2, its full quantum resistance still depends on the progress of Ethereum’s underlying upgrades. At Token2049, StarkWare CEO Eli Ben-Sasson also raised an open question: whether Starknet should transition to a Layer 1 to independently advance post-quantum security upgrades without fully waiting for Ethereum’s upgrade timeline. This idea has not yet become an official decision.